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Analysis of behavior of melted dark green silty soil

TANG Yiqun, ZHOU Nianqing, YANG Ping, SHEN Feng

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 242-245 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0022-x

摘要： The behavior of dark green silty soil of the 6th storey is studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The shape, size and contact condition of the basic elements of the soil microstructure, and the shape and the size of the pore are further studied. In addition, a comparative study is made to analyze the experiment results of Cu and dynamic test. The mechanic characteristics of common soil and those of melted soil are presented and their influences on dark silty soil after being frozen are theoretically illustrated from a microscopic perspective.

关键词： electron microscopy     mechanic     microscopic perspective     addition     dynamic    

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Experimental flexural behavior of SMA-FRP reinforced concrete beam

Adeel ZAFAR, Bassem ANDRAWES

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 341-355 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0221-y

摘要： The most critical drawback in currently used steel reinforcement in reinforced concrete (RC) structures is susceptibility to accumulation of plastic deformation under excessive loads. Many concrete structures due to damaged (yielded) steel reinforcement have undergone costly repairs and replacements. This research presents a new type of shape memory alloy (SMA)-based composite reinforcement with ability to withstand high elongation while exhibiting pseudo-elastic behavior. In this study, small diameter SMA wires are embedded in thermoset resin matrix with or without additional glass fibers to develop composite reinforcement. Manufacturing technique of new proposed composite is validated using microscopy images. The proposed SMA-FRP composite square rebars are first fabricated and then embedded in small scale concrete T-beam. 3-point bending test is conducted on manufactured RC beam using a cyclic displacement controlled regime until failure. It is found that the SMA-FRP composite reinforcement is able to enhance the performance of concrete member by providing re-centering and crack closing capability.

关键词： re-centering     shape memory alloys     concrete     composite     fiber reinforced polymer     scanning electron microscopy    

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Case report of neurofibromatosis type 1 combined with primary ciliary dyskinesia

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 933-937 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0860-7

摘要： Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a genetic disease in which the lungs are rarely involved. However, in NF cases with lung involvement, chest computed tomography may show bilateral basal reticulations, apical bullae, and cysts without bronchiectasis. Herein, we report a patient diagnosed with NF on the basis of the results of genetic testing who presented with early-onset wet cough and bronchiectasis. Considering the differential diagnosis of bronchiectasis combined with his early-onset wet cough, sinusitis, and sperm quality decline, we considered the possibility of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Further electron microscopy analysis of cilia and identification of homozygous mutations in the RSPH4A gene confirmed the diagnosis of PCD. Therefore, for patients with NF, when an image change exists in the lungs that does not correspond to NF, the possibility of other diagnoses, including PCD, must be considered.

关键词： primary ciliary dyskinesia     neurofibromatosis     bronchiectasis     transmission electron microscopy     genetic sequencing    

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Experimental study on capturing CO 2 greenhouse gas by mixture of ammonia and soil

Ying WU, Yifei WANG, Qinghua ZENG, Xin GONG, Zunhong YU,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 468-473 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0257-7

摘要： This paper presents our study on removal of carbon dioxide (CO) greenhouse gas emissions by using the mixture of ammonia and soil. CO capture capacity using this method is 15% higher than the sum of ammonia chemical absorption capacity and soil physical adsorption capacity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are utilized to study this synergism. The removal effect is not only reflected in ammonia chemical reaction with CO. CO can also be absorbed by ammonium bicarbonate (NHHCO) crystal, which is the main component of the product, or wrapped in the pore of the crystal or packed in the gap between the crystal and the soil. CO can be permanently deposited as carbonated minerals in the subsoil earth layers.

关键词： electron microscopy     product     physical adsorption     capacity     spectroscopy    

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4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomal

Miguel Martínez-Calvo, Sandra A. Bright, Emma B. Veale, Adam F. Henwood, D. Clive Williams, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 61-75 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1862-8

摘要： Four new fluorescent sensors ( - ) based on the 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide fluorophores ( ) have been synthesized based on the classical fluorophore-spacer-receptor model. These four compounds all gave rise to emission bands centred at 535 nm, which were found to be highly pH dependent, the emission being ‘switched on’ in acidic media, while being quenched due to PET from the amino moieties to the excited state of the at more alkaline pH. The luminescent pH dependence for these probes was found to be highly dependent on the substitution on the imide site, as well as the polyamine chain attached to the position 4-amino moiety. In the case of sensor the presence of the 4-amino-aniline dominated the pH dependent quenching. Nevertheless, at higher pH, PET quenching was also found to occur from the polyamine site. Hence, is better described as a receptor -spacer -fluorophore-spacer -receptor system, where the dominant PET process is due to (normally less favourable) ‘directional’ PET quenching from the 4-amino-aniline unit to the site. Similar trends and pH fluorescence dependences were also seen for and . These compounds were also tested for their imaging potential and toxicity against HeLa cells (using DRAQ5 as nuclear stain which does now show pH dependent changes in acidic and neutral pH) and the results demonstrated that these compounds have reduced cellular viability at moderately high concentrations (with IC values between ca. 8‒30 µmol∙L ), but were found to be suitable for intracellular pH determination at 1 µmol∙L concentrations, where no real toxicity was observed. This allowed us to employ these as lysosomal probes at sub-toxic concentrations, where the based emission was found to be pH depended, mirroring that seen in aqueous solution for , with the main fluorescence changes occurring within acidic to neutral pH.

关键词： sensors     pH     photoinduced electron transfer     cellular imaging     confocal microscopy    

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Plasma-enabled healing of graphene nano-platelets layer

Xiuqi Fang, Carles Corbella, Denis B. Zolotukhin, Michael Keidar

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 350-359 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1787-7

摘要： Graphene platelet networks (GPNs) were deposited onto silicon substrates by means of anodic arc discharge ignited between two graphite electrodes. Substrate temperature and pressure of helium atmosphere were optimized for the production of the carbon nanomaterials. The samples were modified or destroyed with different methods to mimic typical environments responsible of severe surface degradation. The emulated conditions were performed by four surface treatments, namely thermal oxidation, substrate overheating, exposition to glow discharge, and metal coating due to arc plasma. In the next step, the samples were regenerated on the same substrates with identical deposition technique. Damaging and re-growth of GPN samples were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The full regeneration of the structural and morphological properties of the samples has proven that this healing method by arc plasma is adequate for restoring the functionality of 2D nanostructures exposed to harsh environments.

关键词： graphene platelet networks     anodic arc discharge     plasma healing     scanning electron microscopy     Raman spectroscopy    

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Copolymerization of polyketones catalyzed by polyacrylonitrile resin-supported palladium acetate

GUO Jintang, ZHANG Hongxin, WANG Bo, YE Yaqin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 165-170 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0010-7

摘要： The crosslinked polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was synthesized by suspension polymerization using acrylonitrile (ANT) and divinylbenzene (DVB). Effects of a variety of conditions on the polymerization of PAN particle size and stiffness were investigated. Polyketone was prepared by the copolymerization of carbon monoxide (CO) and styrene (ST) catalyzed by PAN resin-supported palladium acetate. The resin-supported catalyst and the copolymerization product were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Effects of the components of a catalytic system and reaction time on the catalytic activity were studied. The reusability of the resin-supported catalyst was also investigated. Results indicated that the resin-supported catalyst has excellent catalytic property. The yield of polyketone was 6.2348 g when using 1 g of resin and 22.4 mg of palladium acetate.

关键词： copolymerization     Electron Microscopy     monoxide     excellent catalytic     Polyketone    

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Studies on catalytic reduction of nitrate in groundwater

GENG Bing, ZHU Yanfang, JIN Zhaohui, LI Tielong, KANG Haiyan, WANG Shuaima

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 357-361 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0061-x

摘要： Catalytic reduction of nitrate in groundwater by sodium formate over the catalyst was investigated. Pd-Cu/-AlO catalyst was prepared by impregnation and characterized by brunauer-emmett-teller (BET), inductive coupled plasma (ICP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). It was found that total nitrogen was effectively removed from the nitrate solution (100 mg/L) and the removal efficiency was 87%. The catalytic activity was affected by pH, catalyst amount used, concentration of sodium formate, and initial concentration of nitrate. As sodium formate was used as reductant, precise control in the initial pH was needed. Excessively high or low initial pH (7.0 or 3.0) reduced catalytic activity. At initial pH of 4.5, catalytic activity was enhanced by reducing the amount of catalyst, while concentrations of sodium formate increased with a considerable decrease in N selectivity. In which case, catalytic reduction followed the first order kinetics.

关键词： dispersive     electron microscopy     considerable decrease     Catalytic reduction     brunauer-emmett-teller    

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Preparation and performance of novel thermal stable composite nanofiltration membrane

WU Chunrui, ZHANG Shouhai, YANG Fajie, YAN Chun, JIAN Xigao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 402-406 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0063-7

摘要： The novel thermal stable composite nanofiltration membranes were prepared through the interfacial polymerization of piperazine and trimesoyl chloride on the poly (phthalazinone ether) ultrafiltration substrate. The effects of polymerization and testing conditions on membrane performance were studied. The surface morphologies of the substrate and the composite membranes were observed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The separation properties of membranes for dyes and salts were tested. The composite membranes show good thermal stability. The rejection for NaSO was kept over 96%, while the flux reached 400 L·m·h when it was tested at 1.0 MPa and 80°C. When tested at 1.0 MPa and 60°C, the rejection of the composite membrane for dyes was kept at high level, and the flux reached 180–210 Lm·h, while the rejection for NaCl was lower than 20%.

关键词： electron microscopy     rejection     composite membrane     interfacial polymerization     thermal stability    

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Experimental investigation of fatigue behavior of spur gear in altered tooth-sum gearing

H. K. SACHIDANANDA, Joseph GONSALVIS, H. R. PRAKASH

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第3期   页码 268-278 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0331-6

摘要：

This paper deals with the contact stress, power loss, and pitting of spur gear tooth in altered tooth-sum gearing for a tooth-sum of 100 teeth when altered by±4% tooth-sum. Analytical and experimental methods were performed to investigate and compare the altered tooth-sum gearing against the standard tooth-sum gearing. The experiments were performed using a power recirculating type test rig. The tooth loads for the experimental investigations were determined considering the surface durability of gears. A clear picture of the surface damage was obtained using a scanning electron microphotograph. The negative alteration in the tooth-sum performed better than the positive alteration in a tooth-sum operating between specified center distances.

关键词： spur gear     power recirculating test rig     altered tooth-sum gearing     scanning electron microscopy (SEM)    

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Fouling mechanisms in the early stage of an enhanced coagulation-ultrafiltration process

Haiqing CHANG,Baicang LIU,Wanshen LUO,Guibai LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 73-83 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0692-7

摘要： We investigated the fouling performances of ultrafiltration (UF) membrane for treating in-line coagulated water in an enhanced coagulation-UF hybrid process. Then we analyzed the fouling mechanisms in the early stage of UF using mathematical models and microscopy observation methods. Finally, we discussed the impact of aeration on membrane fouling in this paper. The results showed that a two-stage of trans-membrane pressure (TMP) profile during the operation of enhanced coagulation-UF membrane was observed, and the relationship between permeability and operation time fitted well with a logarithmic curve. Membrane pores blocking and cake filtration were confirmed as main membrane fouling mechanisms using the mathematical models. The two stages of membrane fouling mechanisms were further deduced, namely, the membrane pore narrowing followed by the formation of cake layer. Membrane autopsy analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the membrane surface sampled from different filtration cycles also confirmed the mechanisms of pores blocking and cake filtration. Moreover, according to the variations of the permeability and membrane fouling resistance, aeration was able to mitigate and control the membrane fouling to a certain extent, but the optimization of aeration conditions still needs to be studied.

关键词： coagulation-UF     trans-membrane pressure (TMP)     permeability     membrane fouling resistance     scanning electron microscopy (SEM)    

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Preparation and catalytic performance of La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 supported on the mullite fiber ceramic

ZENG Lingke, LIU Yanchun, LIU Ping′an, WANG Hui, SHUI Anze, DUAN Bilin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 372-376 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0067-8

摘要： The perovskite-type LaSrCoO supported on the mullite fiber porous ceramics was prepared by means of the impregnating method, and was then characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD); thus we can come to the conclusion that the perovskite-type composite oxidant can disperse on the surface of mullite fiber ceramics. The catalytic activity of the LaSrCoO for NO and CO was evaluated. The effect of the doped 0.1 wt-% PdCl on the catalytic activity of the perovskite-type LaSrCoO was also discussed. The results show that the conversion rates of NO and CO respectively reaches 74.5% and 99% at 601°C without doped Pd, and both reach 100% at 350°C with a little doped Pd.

关键词： porous     conversion     catalytic activity     electron microscopy     perovskite-type LaSrCoO    

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Applications of atomic force microscopy in immunology

Jiping Li, Yuying Liu, Yidong Yuan, Bo Huang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 43-52 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0769-6

摘要： Cellular mechanics, a major regulating factor of cellular architecture and biological functions, responds to intrinsic stresses and extrinsic forces exerted by other cells and the extracellular matrix in the microenvironment. Cellular mechanics also acts as a fundamental mediator in complicated immune responses, such as cell migration, immune cell activation, and pathogen clearance. The principle of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and its three running modes are introduced for the mechanical characterization of living cells. The peak force tapping mode provides the most delicate and desirable virtues to collect high-resolution images of morphology and force curves. For a concrete description of AFM capabilities, three AFM applications are discussed. These applications include the dynamic progress of a neutrophil-extracellular-trap release by neutrophils, the immunological functions of macrophages, and the membrane pore formation mediated by perforin, streptolysin O, gasdermin D, or membrane attack complex.

关键词： cellular mechanics     atomic force microscopy     neutrophil extracellular trap     macrophage phagocytosis     pore formation    

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Uptake and accumulation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes change the morphometric and biochemical characteristics of

Elena SMIRNOVA, Alexander GUSEV, Olga ZAYTSEVA, Olga SHEINA, Alexey TKACHEV, Elena KUZNETSOVA, Elena LAZAREVA, Galina ONISHCHENKO, Alexey FEOFANOV, Mikhail KIRPICHNIKOV

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 132-138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1290-5

摘要： We have studied the effect of the engineered nanomaterial Taunit, containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), on the growth of seedlings and investigated whether affected plants uptake and accumulate MWCNTs. We found that 100 μg/mL and 1000 μg/mL of Taunit stimulated the growth of roots and stems, and enhanced the peroxidase activity in these parts of plants. Microscopy studies showed the presence of MWCNTs in the root and leaf tissues of seedlings exposed to Taunit, suggesting that MWCNTs have a capacity to penetrate the cell walls, accumulate in roots and translocate to the leaves. Thus the stimulating effect of MWCNTs on seedlings of may be associated with the primary uptake and accumulation of MWCNTs by plant roots followed by translocation to the other plant tissues.

关键词： multiwalled carbon nanotubes     plants     electron microscopy    

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Performance of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) with different surface roughening methods

Ning JIN, Bangfeng WANG, Kan BIAN, Qi CHEN, Ke XIONG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第4期   页码 430-435 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0053-6

摘要： Based on permeation and double chemical reduction technology, this paper researches the manufacture of Pt-ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC) and the effect of three types of surface roughening methods on the manufacture and performance of IPMC. The roughening methods include manual polishing, sanding machine polishing, and plasma surface treatment. The appearance and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) features, electro-active deformation and surface resistance characteristics of these IPMC specimens were obtained and compared through specimen tests. The results of the tests indicate that surface roughening technology obviously influences the performance of IPMC. The uniformity and compactness of the metal deposited on the surface and inside the Nafion film are improved by improving surface roughening uniformity. However, the electro-active deformation capability and surface resistance of the specimens decrease at the same time. There is an approximate linear increase relationship between the driving voltage and the bending deformation of the IPMC specimen within a certain voltage range. Under the same specimen dimension, constraints, and driving voltage (3V), the maximum electro-active bending deformation angles of the specimens are about 60°, 45°, and 15° for manual polishing, sanding machine roughening, and plasma treatment, respectively.

关键词： ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC)     surface roughening     scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyze     actuator     electroless plating    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Analysis of behavior of melted dark green silty soil

TANG Yiqun, ZHOU Nianqing, YANG Ping, SHEN Feng

期刊论文

Experimental flexural behavior of SMA-FRP reinforced concrete beam

Adeel ZAFAR, Bassem ANDRAWES

期刊论文

Case report of neurofibromatosis type 1 combined with primary ciliary dyskinesia

期刊论文

Experimental study on capturing CO 2 greenhouse gas by mixture of ammonia and soil

Ying WU, Yifei WANG, Qinghua ZENG, Xin GONG, Zunhong YU,

期刊论文

4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomal

Miguel Martínez-Calvo, Sandra A. Bright, Emma B. Veale, Adam F. Henwood, D. Clive Williams, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson

期刊论文

Plasma-enabled healing of graphene nano-platelets layer

Xiuqi Fang, Carles Corbella, Denis B. Zolotukhin, Michael Keidar

期刊论文

Copolymerization of polyketones catalyzed by polyacrylonitrile resin-supported palladium acetate

GUO Jintang, ZHANG Hongxin, WANG Bo, YE Yaqin

期刊论文

Studies on catalytic reduction of nitrate in groundwater

GENG Bing, ZHU Yanfang, JIN Zhaohui, LI Tielong, KANG Haiyan, WANG Shuaima

期刊论文

Preparation and performance of novel thermal stable composite nanofiltration membrane

WU Chunrui, ZHANG Shouhai, YANG Fajie, YAN Chun, JIAN Xigao

期刊论文

Experimental investigation of fatigue behavior of spur gear in altered tooth-sum gearing

H. K. SACHIDANANDA, Joseph GONSALVIS, H. R. PRAKASH

期刊论文

Fouling mechanisms in the early stage of an enhanced coagulation-ultrafiltration process

Haiqing CHANG,Baicang LIU,Wanshen LUO,Guibai LI

期刊论文

Preparation and catalytic performance of La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 supported on the mullite fiber ceramic

ZENG Lingke, LIU Yanchun, LIU Ping′an, WANG Hui, SHUI Anze, DUAN Bilin

期刊论文

Applications of atomic force microscopy in immunology

Jiping Li, Yuying Liu, Yidong Yuan, Bo Huang

期刊论文

Uptake and accumulation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes change the morphometric and biochemical characteristics of

Elena SMIRNOVA, Alexander GUSEV, Olga ZAYTSEVA, Olga SHEINA, Alexey TKACHEV, Elena KUZNETSOVA, Elena LAZAREVA, Galina ONISHCHENKO, Alexey FEOFANOV, Mikhail KIRPICHNIKOV

期刊论文

Performance of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) with different surface roughening methods

Ning JIN, Bangfeng WANG, Kan BIAN, Qi CHEN, Ke XIONG,

期刊论文